Compasses



U. JOHNSON COMPASSES Fully 117, 1923. 31,462,412

Filed Dec. 21. 192i A TTOR/VEYS Patented July 17, 1923.

lAtZAl UNO JOHNSON, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK.

COMPASSES.

Application filed December 21, 1921. Serial No. 523,969.

T 0 all w 710m it may concern Be it known that I, UNo Jonnson, a citizenof the Republic of Finland, and resident of the city of New York,borough of Brooklyn, county of Kings, and State of New York, haveinvented a new and Improved Compass, of which the following is a full,clear, and exact description.

My invention relates to a measuring instrument in the nature of acompass, and more particularly such a compass as is used forproportional division work.

It is an object of my invention to provide an instrument of the naturespecified, which may be used for ordinary work in the usual manner, butwhich will embody a construction permitting of work or drawings beingreadily divided into desired proportion.

V A further object of my invention is the construction of a compass bymeans of which an operator may readily duplicate a piece of work fromone standard scale to another standard. scale.

A still further object of this invention is the construction of ameasuring instrument of the class specified, the parts of which will berelatively few and efficient in cooperation, and

Still further objects of this invention will appear in the annexedspecification taken in connection with the drawings which latter presentone practical embodiment of the same, and in which:

Figure 1 is a side elevation of a compass embodying my improvedconstruction.

Figure 2 is a sectional view taken through one of the legs of thecompass.

Figure 3 is a fragmentary sectional view taken along the line 3 3 and inthe direction of the arrows indicated'in Figure 2.

Figure 3 is an enlarged fragmentary sectional view of a detail ofconstruction.

Figure 1 is a fragmentary enlarged sectional view of a detail ofconstruction.

Figures 5 and 6 are transverse sectional views taken along the line 5-5and 6-6 and in the direction of the arrows indicated in Figure 1, and sFigure 7 is a sectional view of an optional type of construction whichmay be resorted to.

It will be seen in these views that the reference numeral 10 indicatesone of the legs and 11the head of the compass, both of these elementsbeing of any desirable shape, and

construction, it being furtlner seen that a second leg is provided whichleg is movably connected adjacent its upper end to the head, its bodybeing preferably associated with the first named leg by a screw threadedshaft 12,

named leg that the same presents a hollow body 15 in which alongitudinal slot 16 is provided, a scale 17 being positioned adjacentthe slot and preferably forming a part of the body 15. Also as has beenshown in Figures 1, 5 and 6, a member 18 presenting a scale 19 may bepositioned adjacent the slot and upon the side opposite from which thescale 17 extends, it being noted in this connection that the member 18is detachable from the body 15, this, member being preferably held inthe position specified by means of screws 20. I

As has been best illustrated in Figure 2' an endless band 21 is disposedwithin the hollow body 15 and retained in proper position therein bypassing over rollers 22 arranged adjacent the upper and lower ends ofthe body aforementioned. This band is preferably formed with a series ofopenings 23, and carries a pointer 24 which latter extends through andbeyond the slot 16 and aligns with the indicating marks of the scales 17and 19.

Now with a view of moving the band 21 and the pointer 24: it will benoted that I provide a universal connection 25 adjacent the end of theshaft 12 which extends into the hollow body 15, and associated with thisconnection is a gear 26 which is thus permitted to lock with respect tothe shaft, al I though turning with the same. l his gear meshes withopenings 23 of the band 21, as has been shown inFigures 2, 3 and 5, andthus upon the shaft 12 being turned by means of its head 27 it will beobvious that the gear 26 will also be turned and that the band-21 andpointer 2 1 will be correspondingly moved.

Thus in use, assuming that the scale 19 reads for centimeters. and thescale17 for inches, and that it is desired to scale a centi' meterdrawing up to inches, the operator 'will determine the distance betweentwo points by means of my improved instrument,and

will then read that portion of the.

centimeter scale with which the pointer 24 aligns. By simply turning theshaft 12 until the pointer 24 aligns with a corresponding portion of thescale 17 it will beobvious that an operator will-be able to duplicatestep-by-step a drawing or piece of work and at the same time be assuredthat the ratio will be obviously correct.

It will further be understood that by virtue of theuniversal mounting ofthe gear 26 that the same will mesh perfectly with the openings 23 ofthe band 21 as has been indicated in dotted lines in Figure 3,regardless of the angle at which the shaft 12 is disposed with respectto the second leg. Also it will be noted that due to the preferablydetachable qualities of'the scale 19 that the latter may be supplantedfor any desirable scale thus permitting of a universal adaptability ofthe invention. In this connection attention is invited to Figure 2;which shows a construction which may be resorted to with a view ofproperly retainingthe shaft applied with'respect to the second -leg ofthe measuring instrument or compass. It will be seen that in assemblingthe device I preferably pass the end of the shaft 12 through the.opening in the body 15 of this leg, subsequent to which I may associatea snap washer or ring 28 with a groove formed adjacent the end of theshaft thus obviously preventing the same fromworking clear of the leg,it being also seen, as has been shown in Figure 5, that a collar 29 mayform an integral part of the body 15, and extend inwardly from the outerface thereof so that the end of the shaft is circumscribed thereby, theouter edge of this collar bearing against the face of the gear 26 toprevent the latter element from working off the shaft.

Finally it will be appreciated, where it is not necessary to provideextremely accurate measurements that the same result accomplished bymeans of the construction aforementioned may be derived by' theuse ofthe structure shown in Figure 7.

In this view it will be noted that as in the previous construction Ihave provided a leg presenting a hollow body portion 15,

and also mounting supporting members 22. However, these supportingmembers carry a wire 30 instead of a band 21 and in lieu of supportingthe gear wheel with the shaft 12, a frame 31 is carried thereby aroundwhich the'wire 30 is passed.

It Will be obvious that by associating an indicating member 32 with thewire 30 that upon the shaft 12 being turned the frame 31 will cause amoving of the wire incident to the latter being coiled around the same,and thus the indicator 32 will be moved. to effect the result desired,which result will be ac curate enough for ordinary work.

' Thus it will be understood that all of the objects set forthin thepreamble of this specification have been accomplished and it willreadily be appreciated that numerous modifications of "structure'mightreadily be resorted to without in the least departing from the scope ofmy claims; which are:

1. A compass including a plurality of legs movable with respect to eachother, one of said legs being hollow, a scale associated with saidleg,and means associated with said hollow leg and actuated upon said legsbeing moved wlth respect to each other for registering the movement ofone of said legs with respect to the second of thefsame.

2. A compass including a pair of legs, one

of said legs presenting a hollow body, a scale the same, and means forconnecting said pointer to said shaft.

4. A compass including a pair of legs, a screw threaded shaft rotatablyattached to one of said legs, a scale associated with the second ofsaidlegs, a pointer movable with respect to said scale and positionedadjacent the same, a gear secured to the end of said shaft, and meansfor connecting said gear with said pointer. I

5. A compass including a pair of legs, a screw threaded shaft rotatablyattached to one of said legs, a scale. associated with the second ofsaid legs, a pointer movable with respect to said scale and positionedadjacent the same, a gear secured to the opposite end of said shaft, amember formed with a series of openings capable of engaging with theteeth of said gear, said pointer being se cured to said member. I

6. A compass including a pair of legs, a screw threaded shaft rota-tablyattached to one of said legs, a'scale associated with the second of saidlegs, a pointer movable with respect to said scale and positionedadjacent the same, a gear secured to the opposite end of said shaft, amember formed with a series of openings capable of engaging with theteeth of said gear, an endless band secured to said pointer, a gearsecured to the end of said shaft, said gear being adapted to mesh withopenings in said band. i

7. A compass including a pair of legs, a screw threadedshaft rotatablyattached to one of said legs, a scale associated with the second of saidlegs, a pointer movable with respect to said scale and positionedadjacent;

the same, a gear secured to the opposite end of said shaft, a memberformed with a series of openings capable of engaging with the teeth of.said gear, an endless band secured to said pointer, a gear secured tothe end of said shaft and rockably secured thereto, said gear beingadapted to mesh With openings in said band.

8. A compass including a pair of legs, one of said legs presenting ahollow body, an endless band disposed within said body, a pointercarried by said band, a gear adapted to mesh with openings formed insaid band,

scale associated with said leg and lying adjacent the path of-travel ofsaid pointer, a shaft having one of its ends attached to said gear, saidshaft being connected to the first named leg of said compass.

9. A compass including a pair of legs, one of said legs presenting ahollow body, an

endless band disposed Within said body, a

pointer carried by said band and extending being connected to the firstnamed leg of said members.

10. A compass including a pair of legs, a scale carrying memberdetachably and directly secured'to one of said legs, a pointer adaptedto coact with said scale, and means for moving one of said legs withrespect to the other, said means being connected to said pointer wherebyto move the latter in proportion to the movement of said legs.

UNO JOHNSON.

